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Here i will be compiling a list of Linux commands that i often use, When the list is comprehensive, i will post it to the Linux tutorials area
Most of the commands are for a command line interface for Linux and Unix systems called BASH (Born again Shell), Some are on how to use popular applications like bzip2 and TAR
| Command | What it does | Notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| File and Directory | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ls | list all files and folders in directory | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ls -l | list the files with details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| cp file1 file2 | Copy file 1 to file 2 (file 2 new file) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| mv file1 file2 | move file1 to file2 | its a copy then delete source, thats how it really works (Some new methodes change the file index rather than physically moove it) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| cat > file.txt (hit enter) write the file contnet to terminal, then CTRL+D to close it | a simple way to create a text file from the prompt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| more file.txt | Display the contents of the file to the terminal (read to terminal) | will give you a scroll down ability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| rm file | delete a file.... | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| df -h | Displays a short report on disk usage. Shows every hard disk's usage, and displays that drive's system name for an identifier | Sample Output
The last drive (none) is Shared Memory drive. sda is the first hard drive (showing 2 partitions aboe, sdb is a second one partition hard drive. You should probably note that S is for SATA drive (Serial ATA), Paralel ATA drives will show as hda and hdb not sda and sdb |
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| rm -rf ./directory | Delete directory and all its sub folders | Very Dangerous, No confirmation, Root user can delete entire disk ! | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| tar --create --verbos --file=myfile.tar directory | Tar entier directory | Directory can be a name or a full path, --verbos is to list files that are being added | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| tar -cW M (tar -c -M --tapelength=sizeinkbs --file=disk1.tar alargefile) | Multipart tar to a tape drive for example | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| tar -xvf myfile.tar | Extracts all files in myfile.tar to curent directory | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| tar cvzf | Tar with GZ compression | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| bzip2 -z -k filename | Compress the file filename | z is for compress and k is for do not delete input file | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Session | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| logout ctril+d (or exit to quit the login) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| passwd | Change Password | Old, New, New again | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| hostname | Show host name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| history | View user command history | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| history | grep logout | Search history for logout | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| whoami | Displays your username | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| who | list all logged in users | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| w | Lists who is logged in and what they are doing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| last | List of recent system use | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| last ausername | Display last login for user | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ps | list the processes in your shell session | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ps -u someusername | List all user processes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ps aux | list all processes and display username | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| top | show a constantly updated list of system processes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| top -d 3 | Update the list every 3 seconds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ps aux | grep sbin | list all processes with referance to sbin in there command | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ps aux | grep 10 | Display all processes with ids containing the number 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| whoami --help | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| man | display the manual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| info | View all info manuals on the system | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| info -f infofilename | Read an info file from curent directory | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| chmod -R 0777 dir | CHMOD directory and all contents to 0777 | The R stands for recursive, take it out and no longer recursive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| rpm -qi sendmail | install sendmail rpm | just an example | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MySQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| mysqldump --opt -u mysqluser --password="userpass" databasename > file.sql | Dump mysql Database mentioned to SQL file | Needs MySQL privilages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| mysqldump --opt -u mysqluser --password="userpass" --all-databases > file.sql | Dump all MySql Databases to a file | Needs MySQL privilages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| mysql -u username --password="userpass" destinationdatabasename < file.sql | Restores a database | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| mysql -u mysqluser --password="userpassword" < file.sql | Restore an entier database dump (multiple dbs) | Nothing behind the < except for the casual ordinary space | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finding Out about your computers processor | LINUX: BSD: |
| From: yfjwixxauq Subject: yfjwixxauq |
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